This is the mother-child bond –  a bond so strong it transcends time and tradition. The Jitiya fast, observed by mothers across eastern India, is more than just a ritual—it’s a beautiful promise of protection and devotion to their children. As mothers go without food and water, they fast for their children’s well-being and carry forward an ancient legacy of love, hope, and resilience.,

Step into the world of Jitiya, where every prayer whispered and every dish prepared tells a story of maternal strength and the deep-rooted cultural significance that binds families together.

The Jitiya Fast transcends time and tradition

A mother’s fast is a timeless act of faith, where her hunger is transformed into blessings for her child’s well-being, the Jitiya Fast (Vrat) stands as the prime example of this devotion.

Primarily observed in eastern India( mainly in Bihar, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh) and Nepal, Jitiya Vrat also known as Jivitputrika, holds deep spiritual significance in Hinduism, especially among women. This sacred fasting ritual is dedicated to Lord Jimutvahana and is observed by mothers who pray for the long life and well-being of their children. Taking place during the month of Ashwin, the significance of Jivitputrika vrat jitiya embodies a mother’s unwavering love and selfless care.

By fasting from one day to another, women seek divine blessings for their children’s health, happiness, and prosperity. The vrat also honours the legend of Jimutvahana, who sacrificed his life to protect others, symbolizing the virtues of selflessness and maternal love. Through this ritual, Hindu women reaffirm their role as nurturers, invoking divine protection and guidance for their families.

How do mothers in different regions celebrate Jitiya? 

Here’s how mothers across different regions celebrate Jitiya with their unique customs and rituals:

Tharu Community (Nepal): Tharu women celebrate Jitiya at their maternal homes, where they observe a strict nirjala fast (without water). They also participate in traditional dances and rituals, focusing on family ties and the support of their community.

Women celebrate the festival over three days, viewing Jitiya as a symbol of victory. They worship Lord Vishnu, Lord Shiva, and Lord Surya during the festivities, which are filled with traditional attire, music, and dance. A central aspect of the celebration is nature worship, which plays a key role in the Tharu community’s expression of victory. The Tharu people perform a special dance during Jitiya, known as ‘Zyamta.’

The community also has a unique water deity song called ‘Jatsari,’ sung in Brahmathan. Another traditional song, ‘Darkatoni,’ is sung by Tharu women after cutting branches from the peepal tree. These songs and dances are performed outdoors under the open sky during the Jitiya festival. As part of their rituals, the Tharu community cuts branches from the peepal tree and uproots rice plants, placing them in the center of the village in a spot known as ‘That.’

Bihar and Uttar Pradesh: The festival is a three-day affair. It begins with Nahai-Khai, where mothers prepare special vegetarian meals. On the second day, they undergo a rigorous fast, and on the third day, they break the fast with a festive meal filled with traditional dishes.

Jharkhand: In Jharkhand, Jitiya is celebrated over eight days. Mothers collect sand for special rituals and fast on designated days. As part of their prayers for their children’s safety, they offer food to jackals and eagles, which are believed to symbolize protection.

Despite the regional differences, all these celebrations showcase a mother’s unwavering devotion, with the shared goal of ensuring the health and prosperity of their children.

The Story Behind Jitiya Fast

The tradition of Jitiya traces its origins to an ancient Sanskrit play, Nagananda, written by King Harshavardhana of the Pushyabhuti dynasty in the 7th century CE. According to the legend, Jimutaketu, the king of the Vidyadhara mountains, had no son and prayed to a wishing tree for a child. Jimutvahana, a compassionate soul, was born and used the tree’s powers to bring wealth to the world. However, when rivals sought to fight for the throne, Jimutvahana chose peace and left his kingdom with his parents.

The family settled in the Malaya mountains, where Jimutvahana married Malayavati, the sister of Prince Siddha. One day, Jimutvahana saw a woman weeping for her son, Sankhachuda, a Naga who was to be sacrificed to Garuda as part of an ancient pact. To save him, Jimutvahana offered himself in place of Sankhachuda and lay on the rock of death. As Garuda began eating him, flowers rained from heaven, and Garuda realized the nobility of Jimutvahana’s sacrifice.

Filled with guilt, Garuda promised to stop killing snakes. He then brought nectar from heaven to heal Jimutvahana and revive the serpents. Goddess Gauri blessed Jimutvahana, and the Nagas, along with his family, praised him. Jimutvahana then returned to reign as the king of the Vidyadharas. His selfless act of sacrificing his life for others is seen as the epitome of compassion, and mothers pray to him for their children’s protection and longevity.

Leaf for Life

In the Jitiya fast, various leaves play an important symbolic and spiritual role. These leaves are offered to the deity as a sign of devotion and are used to invoke blessings for the children’s well-being. Some of the key leaves used in Jitiya rituals include:

1. Aparajita Leaves (Clitoria ternatea): Signifying strength, victory, and protection, aparajita leaves are offered to pray for children’s invincibility and resilience.
2. Tulsi Leaves (Holy Basil): Revered for its purifying and protective qualities, tulsi represents devotion and spiritual upliftment, believed to bring divine protection to children.
3. Bamboo Leaves: Symbolizing longevity, resilience, and strength, bamboo leaves represent a mother’s wish for her children to grow strong and healthy.
4. Belpatra Leaves (Bilva Leaves): Traditionally offered to Lord Shiva, belpatra leaves signify spiritual growth, health, and protection.
5. Banana Leaves: Used to symbolize simplicity and nourishment, banana leaves are believed to ensure children’s prosperity and well-being.

Rituals of Jitiya Fast

Day 1: Nahai-Khai (Purification Day)
The first day of Jitiya Parv is called Nahai-Khai, meaning “bath and eat.” On this day, mothers take a holy bath early in the morning in rivers or ponds, marking the beginning of the rituals. They consume food only once a day, typically vegetarian meals prepared without onions or garlic. Traditional foods like arvi (taro root), ridge gourd (jingli), cucumber, noni ka saag (wild greens), mandua (finger millet), and desi peas (kushi kerav) are eaten. The meal is considered sacred and is consumed after offerings are made to the deities.

Day 2: Khur Jitiya (The Day of Fasting)
The second day, known as Khur Jitiya, is the most important day of the festival. Mothers observe a strict fast, abstaining from food and water for 24 hours. This fast is carried out with deep devotion, accompanied by prayers and hymns dedicated to Lord Jimutvahana. Women gather at temples or in their homes, offering prayers and singing traditional songs that recount Jimutvahana’s sacrifice. Offerings of vermilion, flowers, fruits, and aparajita are made, and the women spend the night reciting the Jitiya Vrat Katha and in prayer and devotion.

Day 3: Parana (Breaking the Fast)
On the final day, known as Parana, the fast is broken after performing prayers and rituals. Offerings are made to Jimutvahana, and mothers end their fast with a simple meal. Traditional sweets like thekua (a sweet made of wheat flour and jaggery) are prepared and shared with family members, marking the successful completion of their prayers for their children’s well-being.

The Jitiya fast is thus a powerful expression of a mother’s unconditional love and selfless devotion to her children’s well-being. Through this sacred ritual, mothers seek divine blessings for the long life, health, and prosperity of their offspring, reaffirming their nurturing role and the profound spiritual significance of this ancient tradition.

What are the traditional foods prepared during Jitiya in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar?

During the Jitiya festival in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, mothers cook up a range of traditional dishes, especially on the first and third days of the celebration. Here’s a glimpse into the delicious spread:

• Madua (Ragi): A nutrient-rich millet used to make rotis, halwa, and laddoos, adding both flavour and tradition to the festival.
• Noni Saag: A leafy green dish, cooked simply without onion or garlic, often paired with Madua rotis for a wholesome meal.
• Kushi Kerao: Dried peas turned into a comforting dal or curry, typically enjoyed after breaking the fast.
• Poro Saag: Also known as Poi Saag, this green is cooked into a dry curry and served alongside Kushi Kerao for a healthy combo.
• Satputiya: Small gourds prepared in a light curry, perfect for a humble yet flavorful meal.
• Pirukiya: Think of these as festive sweet dumplings, filled with coconut and jaggery, then deep-fried until golden—an irresistible treat!
• Thekua: A sweet cookie made from wheat flour and jaggery, with a hint of cardamom, deep-fried to create a crispy bite-sized delight.
• Pakoda: Crispy, golden fritters made from seasonal vegetables, perfect for snacking after the fast.
• In the Mithilanchal region, (part Nepal and adjoining Bihar) popular dishes include ‘Jhor Bhat,’ which is a vegetable soup with simple rice, as well as ‘Noniko Saag’ (a type of leafy green) and ‘Maduwa’ (bread made from finger millet).

Jivitputrika Vrat 2024 Date: Jivitputrika Vrat to be observed on September 25, 2024.

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India, a land steeped in spirituality and ancient traditions, is renowned as one of India’s healing temples which are more than just places of worship. These sacred sanctuaries are believed to possess profound healing powers, attracting countless pilgrims seeking solace from physical, mental, and spiritual ailments. The concept of divine intervention in healing has been deeply ingrained in Indian culture for centuries.

From the serene Himalayan shrines to the bustling temple towns of the South, each healing temple carries its unique aura and mystical charm. Pilgrims undertake arduous journeys, often enduring physical hardships, with unwavering faith that the divine will restore their health and well-being.

The rituals, chants, and sacred waters of these healing temples are believed to channel powerful energies that bring about miraculous recoveries. Beyond the tangible cures, these healing temples offer a sense of peace and spiritual rejuvenation, providing a holistic healing experience.

In a world where modern medicine often leaves gaps, these ancient healing temples stand as testaments to the enduring belief in the power of the divine. This exploration into India’s healing temples unveils the profound connection between faith and health, highlighting stories of miraculous recoveries and the timeless traditions that continue to inspire hope and devotion.

Faith has always played a pivotal role in the healing processes at these healing temples. Whether it’s the soothing chants, the divine aura, or the sacred waters, the belief in the power of the divine facilitates a holistic healing experience. Each temple has its unique story and method of healing, passed down through generations let us deeply study it………..

Vaithiswaran Koil, Tamil Nadu

Vaitheeswaran Koil, also known as Pullirukkuvelur Temple, is a renowned sanctuary dedicated to Lord Shiva, revered here as Vaitheeswaran, the ‘God of Medicine.’ Situated on the northern bank of the River Cauvery, this temple holds a significant place among the 276 Thevara Padal Petra Sthalams, celebrated in ancient Tamil hymns like Thevaram and Tirupugazh. Devotees flock to this temple with the belief that Lord Vaitheeswaran possesses the power to cure all types of skin diseases, echoing the legends where Mars (Angaraka) was healed of leprosy by the deity.

The temple also holds astrological significance, with Mars playing a vital role in establishing strong marital relationships in one’s horoscope. One of the temple’s unique attractions is the collection of ancient palm leaf manuscripts used for Naadi Josiam, an astrological prediction practice that draws many seekers.

A dip in the sacred Siddhamirtham tank believed to cure all ailments, adds to the temple’s healing aura. Vaitheeswaran Koil stands as a testament to the intertwined nature of faith, medicine, and astrology in Indian tradition, offering solace and hope to all who visit. The temple also practices ‘Nadi Astrology,’ where ancient palm leaf manuscripts reveal one’s past, present, and future, offering guidance for a healthier life.

Mehandipur Balaji Temple, Rajasthan

Mehandipur Balaji Temple, situated in Brahmbad, Dausa, Karauli district near Todabhim and Hindaun city in Rajasthan, is a renowned sanctuary dedicated to Lord Hanuman, worshipped here as Balaji, the childhood form of the deity known as the ‘Sankat Mochan’ or redeemer of crises. This temple attracts countless pilgrims from around the world, famed for its ritualistic healing and exorcism practices. Devotees believe that the temple offers powerful counter-curses against evil spirits, black magic, and phantoms.

Three primary deities are worshipped at Mehandipur Balaji: Lord Hanuman as Balaji, Lord Bhairav, and Shri Pretraj Sarkar (The King of Evil Spirits). These deities are believed to have the power to cure those afflicted by supernatural forces. Legends tell of Mughal emperors who attempted to destroy the temple, only to find the idol’s roots deepening into the hill, thwarting their efforts. A miraculous pot at the feet of the presiding deity never runs dry, thanks to the continuous flow of ‘Blessed Holy Jal’ from the left side of Lord Balaji Hanuman’s chest.

Despite scepticism from medical science, the devout followers of Balaji hold an unwavering belief in the temple’s mystical healing powers, considering them beyond metaphysical explanation.

Guruvayur Temple, Kerala

Guruvayur, often referred to as the Dwaraka of the South, is home to the historic Sree Krishna Temple, one of Kerala’s most revered pilgrimage destinations. This temple, a significant spiritual hub in India, was rebuilt in 1638 C.E., showcasing stunning architectural elements that reflect its rich history.

Traditionally, the shrine faces east and features two towering Gopurams—Kizhakkenada in the east and Padinjarenada in the west. The temple is adorned with several Deepastambams (pillars of light), the most notable being the 24-foot-tall eastern pillar with thirteen circular receptacles, creating a breathtaking sight when illuminated. The Dwajasthamba, a 70-foot-tall gold-covered flag-staff, adds to the temple’s splendour.

The idol of Guruvayoorappan, crafted from the rare Padala Anjanam or Black Bismuth stone, is believed to possess healing powers. Devotees collect the Abhishekam water, used to bathe the idol, for its reputed ability to cure ailments. The temple is also a popular site for the Annaprashan ceremony (first solid food feeding) and weddings, believed to bestow blessings for long and happy marriages. The Thulabharam ritual, where devotees offer their weight in goods, is another unique tradition at Guruvayur.

Guruvayur Temple’s architecture, with its intricate carvings, majestic Gopurams, and enchanting illuminated Deepastambams, embodies Kerala’s cultural heritage. The temple also houses images of Ganapathy, Lord Ayyappa, and Edathedathu Kavil Bhagavathy.

Renowned for its vibrant festivals, Guruvayur offers an immersive cultural experience during celebrations like Guruvayur Ekadasi, Utsavam, and Vishu. These festivals, featuring traditional music, dance, and rituals, attract thousands of devotees, making a visit to the temple both spiritually and culturally enriching.

Kamakhya Temple, Assam

Goddess Kamakhya holds a revered place in Hindu mythology, celebrated for her unique connection to yoni healing and the cyclical nature of life. Located in Guwahati, Assam, the Kamakhya Temple is a sacred hub for advanced tantric practices, drawing spiritual seekers from diverse traditions.

Exploring the essence of Goddess Kamakhya reveals that modern spiritual interpretations often fail to grasp the profound depth of her significance. Her symbolism transcends the physical, representing the universal energy that flows through all living beings. Known as the menstruating Goddess, Kamakhya occupies a sacred space in the hearts of devotees and tantric practitioners. The temple is believed to be the site where the Goddess undergoes her symbolic menstruation annually.

A unique ritual at the Kamakhya Temple is the Ambubachi Mela, an annual celebration during the monsoon season. Devotees from far and wide gather to witness this symbolic menstruation, considered a sacred and transformative event.

The temple’s inner sanctum houses an awe-inspiring representation of the divine feminine’s creative power, the source of all life. This sacred symbol transcends physical healing, delving into spiritual and energetic realms to awaken and balance the divine feminine energy within individuals.

Through these healing practices, devotees can release emotional blockages, traumas, and negative patterns, fostering profound healing and empowerment. The sacred idol serves as a gateway to spiritual awakening, offering a path towards deep self-discovery and inner transformation.

Prasanna Venkatachalapathy Temple, Tamil Nadu:

The temple is mentioned in the Gunaseela Mahaatmiyam of the Bhavishyotra Puranas. Gunaseela Rishi, after returning from the Himalayas and visiting Tirupati, was so captivated by Venkatachalapathy that he began a severe penance at his ashram, desiring the deity’s presence in Gunaseelam.

Venkatachalapathy, along with the Goddess, appeared in his vision and promised to remain there until the end of Kali Yuga. When Gunaseela Maharishi was called away, he entrusted his disciples with the temple’s rituals. However, natural disasters and wild animals eventually drove them away, leaving the deity covered by an anthill.

The temple is renowned for its ability to cure mental ailments. Those suffering from mental challenges or depression visit the temple, where they are cared for over 48 days. Prayers offered to the presiding deity are believed to heal the patients. The temple houses a mental health rehabilitation centre licensed by the Government of Tamil Nadu, the first of its kind in the country.

The centre provides individual rooms and washrooms, with weekly visits from a psychiatrist and care from dedicated volunteers. On specific days, sacred water is sprinkled on the patients during Uchi Kaalam (noon) and Artha Jaamam (night) for 48 days to cleanse them of disease and negative influences. Sincere prayers to the deity are said to facilitate healing. The temple also attracts those with physical challenges seeking relief and those who are unable to visit Tirupati, seeking to have their wishes fulfilled at Gunaseelam.

Pataleshwar Temple, Uttar Pradesh

The Pataleshwar Temple is situated in the village of Sadatbadi in Bahjoi, a Nagar Palika Parishad city in the Sambhal district of Uttar Pradesh’s Moradabad division.

This temple is renowned for its miraculous ability to cure skin maladies. At the centre of the temple‘s sanctum lies a Shivalingam, to which devotees offer brooms in a ritual believed to rid them of skin ailments. It is said that supernatural elements present within the temple premises aid in the healing process. This ancient practice has been followed since the temple’s establishment.

Once, there was a man named Bhikhari Das, the wealthiest person in his village, but he suffered from a painful skin ailment marked by black spots all over his body. Despite trying numerous treatments, nothing worked. One day, while visiting his Ayurvedic doctor, he stopped at an ashram for water. As he knocked and entered, a Mahant accidentally touched him with a broom while cleaning. Miraculously, Bhikhari Das’s skin ailment vanished instantly, and his pain disappeared.

Astonished, Bhikhari Das asked the Mahant about the miracle. The Mahant, a devout follower of Lord Shiva, attributed the healing to Shiva’s blessings. Grateful, Bhikhari Das offered a bag of coins in thanks, but the Mahant declined and instead asked him to build a temple for Lord Shiva. Bhikhari Das agreed and established the Pataleshwar Temple. Since then, offering brooms to the Shivalingam has become a ritual, with many reporting cures for their skin ailments. This story exemplifies India’s rich tapestry of miracles and devout beliefs.

While faith and spirituality play crucial roles, many researchers believe there is a scientific basis to the healing experienced at these healing temples. The positive energy, the serene environment, and the collective power of prayer and meditation contribute to a conducive atmosphere for healing. Additionally, the rituals often involve natural elements like water, herbs, and oils known for their therapeutic properties.

Visiting these healing temples is not just about seeking cures; it’s a holistic journey encompassing faith, tradition, and spirituality. Pilgrims often undertake arduous journeys, enduring physical hardships, reflecting their unwavering faith in the divine. This journey itself, filled with rituals, prayers, and a deep connection with the divine, becomes a transformative experience.

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Deep within the lush forests of Vrindavan in Uttar Pradesh lies the sacred Govardhana Mountain peak. According to legend, Govardhana emerged from Krishna’s heart in Goloka to fulfil Śrī Radha’s wish for a beautiful setting for their pastimes. Legends say that Govardhan Parvat, Yamuna, and Braj Bhumi are the only three things that have existed since the time of Sri Krishna.

 Known as Krishna’s supreme servant, Govardhana offers a fairy-tale playground for the Lord and His companions, where cows, gopas, and gopis find endless joy. To protect the Vrajavasis from Lord Indira’s wrath, seven-year-old Krishna lifted Govardhana like an umbrella for seven days.

Since then, devotees have walked around this sacred mountain as an act of worship. Govardhan Hill, made of sandstone, stretches 21 kilometres in perimeter and stands 80 feet high. Located in Aanyor, Mathura, it is also home to the GiriRaj Temple, an important Hindu pilgrimage site and ancestor god for many families.

The parikrama around Govardhan Hill is about 23 kilometres and takes around 5-6 hours to complete. It starts from Manasi-Ganga Kund and, after worshipping Lord Harideva, leads to Radha Kund Village. From there, the Road guides devotees along the parikrama path.

For those performing dandavata parikrama, the journey can take weeks or months. In this practice, devotees lie flat on the ground to offer homage to the Lord. A person marks the spot where the devotee’s fingertips touch the ground while prostrating, and the process is repeated from there until the entire parikrama route is covered. Some sadhus perform 108 homages at one spot, completing 108 dandavat parikramas.

The ritual of the Parikrama is considered even more sacred if performed with milk. Devotees carry a pot with a hole at the bottom, filled with milk, in one hand, and another pot with incense smoke (dhoop) in the other. A person, often a family member, accompanies the devotee to refill the milk pot until the parikrama is finished.

Why is Govardhan Hill considered sacred?

The mythological significance of this pilgrimage dates back to when Lord Krishna lifted Govardhan Hill on his little finger to shield the people from the wrath of Lord Indra, the rain god for 7 days to break the ego of Indra and to make Brijwasi understand that Govardhan Hill is the ultimate protector of them. This miraculous event made Govardhan a blessed hill, and it is believed that those who circumambulate it will be absolved of all sins.

Another story connects Govardhan Hill to the Treta Yuga, the era of Sri Ram. When the Ram Setu bridge was being constructed at Rameshwaram for Sri Ram’s army to cross the sea, monkeys were tasked with gathering mountains for the bridge. Hanuman was carrying a mountain from the Himalayas when Nal and Neel, the bridge’s architects, announced that no more stones were needed. They instructed everyone to place the mountains they were carrying wherever they were. Hanuman, who was in Braj Bhumi at the time, left the hill there before proceeding to Sri Lanka.

This tale links the stories of the 7th and 8th Avatars of Vishnu—Ram and Krishna—making Govardhan Hill even more revered, as it is associated with two divine incarnations.

Govardhan Parikrama – a walk of divinity:

Let’s now go through each of the major attractions along the 21-kilometre parikrama, providing a brief background for each one.

Danghati temple (Starting point)

Pilgrims begin the Parikrama at Daanghati Mandir. The temple façade, which depicts Krishna carrying Govardhan Parvat on his little finger, is a relatively new addition.

Daanghati Temple gets its name from the Daan, or tax, that young Krishna used to collect from the Gopikas who wished to perform Puja. On one occasion, they offered Radha as Daan, fulfilling Krishna’s desire.

The temple is a complex with many smaller temples. A rock, decorated to appear lifelike, is the primary object of worship throughout the village.

Mansi Ganga

 Near Daanghati temple, there is  Mansi Ganga a sacred lake situated in the centre of the village. According to legend, Nand and Yashoda, the foster parents of Sri Krishna, once desired to visit the Ganges. They stopped here for the night during their journey, and by morning, Krishna had miraculously brought the Ganges to this spot from his mind, giving it the name Mansi Ganga.

Chakreshwar Mahadev Temple

Located 1.2 km along the Parikrama Marg, pilgrims visit the Chakreshwar Mahadev Temple to pay homage. This is one of the most remarkable temples along the entire trail. It is a Shiva temple featuring five Shivalings arranged in the shape of a Chakra. A carved stone behind the temple depicts the story of Krishna lifting Govardhan Parvat on his finger. According to legend, when Krishna lifted the mountain, water began to gather in a pit. Shiva appeared in the form of a Chakra (wheel) to drain the water, and this temple commemorates that event.

Poonchari Ka Lautha Temple:  

Continuing along the parikrama route, pilgrims come across the famous Poonchhari ke Lautha Ji ka Mandir in Anyaur Village. But who is Lautha Ji?

Lautha Ji was a friend of Sri Krishna, and they practised wrestling together as children. When Krishna had to leave Braj Bhumi for Dwarka, he asked Lautha to accompany him. However, Lautha did not want to leave Braj Bhumi and vowed to live without eating or drinking until Krishna’s return. Krishna blessed him to live a healthy life even without food. The temple is small but vibrant, attracting many visitors who come to make wishes. The murti (idol) here resembles a wrestler with a big moustache, reflecting Lautha Ji’s persona.

Mukharvind    

Just 4 km ahead, pilgrims arrive at the charming village of Jatipura, renowned for the Mukharvind Temple. This village is celebrated for its open temple, where devotees offer milk to a colossal rock, believed to be the face of Giriraj Ji. Throughout the day, the rock undergoes various adornments, a practice known as Shringar.

The narrow lane leading to the temple is bustling with vendors selling milk. Atop the hill, an impressive depiction of Krishna lifting the mountain adds to the temple’s enchanting atmosphere.

Govardhan Parvat Chhoti Parikrama

Let’s commence the Chhoti Parikrama of Govardhan Parvat and delve into its significance and beliefs.

The Chhoti Parikrama of Govardhan Parvat spans 9 km. This sacred journey begins just after the Jatipura Mukharbind Temple.

Radha Kund and Shyam Kund:

As pilgrims proceed along the Chhoti Parikrama route, they reach the sacred Radha Kund and Shyam Kund. Located in the village of Arita near Govardhan Hill, Radha Kund and Shyam Kund are two sacred ponds revered by Vaishnavas. Situated 3 miles northeast of Govardhan Hill, these ponds are considered the eyes of the hill and have witnessed many sweet pastimes of Lord Krishna and Radha.

Braj, associated with Lord Krishna’s leelas, holds great significance, and every place here is deeply connected to his life. Radha Kund and Shyam Kund are especially significant in this regard. According to legend, Krishna killed the demon Arishta, who had come disguised as a bull, to protect his friends. Following this, Krishna was cursed for killing a bull, which led him to create a kunda by striking his heel on the ground and summoning all holy places to fill it with water. Radha also created her own kunda with her bracelet, which Krishna filled with the same holy waters.

Both Radha Kund and Shyam Kund contain the purest and most sacred water in the world. Krishna promised Radha that he would bathe in Radha Kund every day, giving it a special place in his heart.

Pilgrims from around the globe come to these kunds to take a holy dip, seeking to cleanse themselves of sins. As prime centres of salvation and spirituality, Radha Kund and Shyam Kund hold a unique and cherished place in the hearts of devotees visiting the Braj region.

The Govardhan Parikrama is not just a physical journey but a deeply spiritual experience. Each spot along the path holds a unique story and significance, enriching the devotees’ understanding of their faith. Through the circumambulation, devotees find eternal peace, connecting with the divine and the rich tapestry of Hindu mythology and spirituality. This journey through the sacred sites of Govardhan Parikrama offers solace, reflection, and a profound sense of devotion, leaving an indelible mark on the hearts of those who undertake it.

Kusum Sarovar

Continuing on the Chhoti Parikrama route, pilgrims encounter the enchanting Kusum Sarovar, situated just 2 km from Govardhan in Mathura. This serene reservoir is 60 feet deep and 450 feet long, steeped in mythological tales, particularly those of Radha and Krishna.

Legend has it that Lord Krishna would secretly visit Kusum Sarovar to meet Radha. Radha and her friends would come here to pick flowers for Krishna, adding a romantic allure to this picturesque spot.

Kusum Sarovar’s beauty is captivating, with its surrounding stairs enhancing its charm. Locals believe that the lake holds the mystical Paras stone and Nagmani, adding an air of mystery to its allure. This captivating blend of natural beauty and mythological significance makes Kusum Sarovar a must-visit for devotees and tourists alike.

Completing the Parikrama is more than just a physical journey; it’s a spiritual pilgrimage that connects devotees with the divine essence of Lord Krishna. As you traverse the sacred 21-kilometre path, every step is a reminder of the mythological tales and the profound spiritual significance embedded in this ancient practice.

From the serene waters of Mansi Ganga to the enchanting allure of Kusum Sarovar, each site along the Parikrama route offers a unique glimpse into the divine pastimes of Radha and Krishna. The peaceful ambience of Radha Kund and Shyam Kund, coupled with the spiritual energy of Govardhan Hill, provides a deeply enriching experience for all who undertake this sacred journey.

As you conclude your Parikrama, having completed the full circle, there’s a sense of fulfilment and inner peace. The blessings received and the spiritual merit earned are believed to bring immense benefits, both in this life and beyond. Whether you’re a devout follower or a curious traveller, the Parikrama leaves an indelible mark on your soul, inviting you to return and relive the divine journey once more.

In the end, the Parikrama is not just a ritual but a testament to unwavering devotion and faith, a journey that transforms and uplifts, leaving you with cherished memories and a heart full of divine love and gratitude.

Rules of Govardhan Parikrama

To start the sacred journey, it’s essential to know the rules:

Start and End with Respect: Before beginning the Parikrama, offer your respects to Mount Govardhan. Complete the Parikrama at the same spot where you started.

Purifying Bath: It is believed that those who wish to start the Parikrama must first take a bath in the Mansi Ganga.

Complete the Journey: Never leave the Parikrama incomplete. Ensure you finish what you start.

Best Time for Govardhan Parikrama

Devotees usually perform the Parikrama barefoot, making the timing crucial:

• Daytime: From December to March.
• Nighttime: From April to November, as the daytime temperatures can be quite high during summer.

Things to Remember

Beware of Monkeys: The monkeys in the Vraj region are notorious for snatching spectacles and food items. You might see people offering them food in exchange for their belongings!

Try the Lassi: Don’t miss out on the delicious Lassi of Vraj Bhumi. After all, you’re in the land of Makhanchor (the butter thief), so savour the local delicacies!

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India is a land of diverse cultures and deep religious sentiments. Its temples are renowned worldwide for their grandeur and beauty, attracting not only Hindus but also people of various faiths from around the globe. Among these revered sites are the Shakti Peeths, significant pilgrimage destinations for Hindus.

Shakti Peeths, meaning “seats of power,” are dedicated to Goddess Shakti, the principal deity in Shaktism. There are 51 such Peeths in India, each devoted to Devi Shakti, considered the power of Lord Shiva, the destroyer of evil. According to legend, when Sati immolated herself in protest of her father Daksha’s disrespect towards her husband, Lord Shiva carried her charred body in sorrow. To ease his pain, Lord Vishnu used his Sudarshan Chakra to cut Sati’s body into 51 pieces, which fell across the Indian subcontinent, each location becoming a Shakti Peeth.

Each such temple is associated with a specific body part of Sati and has its own unique legend, rituals, and traditions. These temples signify her presence and are among the most revered and spiritually charged places in India. They attract countless devotees who seek the blessings of Devi Shakti.

Most famous Shakti Peeths in Himachal Pradesh

These ancient temples, deeply rooted in Hindu mythology, are believed to be the divine abodes of Goddess Shakti, the powerful feminine energy. Pilgrims are drawn to these holy sites not just for their religious significance, but also for the tranquil and transformative experiences they offer.

The spiritual ambience, coupled with the breathtaking natural beauty of the Himalayas, creates an irresistible draw for those seeking solace, enlightenment, and a deeper connection with the divine.

Whether it’s the legend behind each temple or the mystical energy that envelops them, the temples of Himachal Pradesh stand as beacons of faith, drawing countless devotees and curious travellers alike to their sacred grounds.

Jwala Ji Temple:

Jwala Ji, or Jwala Devi Temple, is one of the 51 Shakti Peeths in India and is highly revered. Located in the Shivalik range of Kangra Valley, known as “Kalidhar,” it is believed to be the first temple built by the Pandavas. This Devi temple, dedicated to the “Goddess of Light,” is situated in Jwala Mukhi, Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh.

Sati’s tongue is believed to have fallen at the site where Jwala Devi Temple now stands, represented by the perpetually burning holy flames. These flames make Jwala Devi Temple unique and unparalleled as a centre of faith. History tells us that Raja Bhumi Chand, a great devotee of Goddess Durga, dreamt of this sacred place. He sent people to find it, and upon locating the site, he built the temple.

The shrine features a gold-gilded dome, various pinnacles, and a silver entrance door. Situated within the Dhauladhar mountain range, the temple worships Goddess Jwalamukhi as an eternal flame emerging from a small fissure in a rock inside the sanctum sanctorum. Nine flames, symbolizing the Navadurgas, are worshipped here.

The origins of these flames remain unknown, with scientists suggesting they are fueled by natural gas from an underground volcano. Mughal Emperor Akbar once tried to extinguish the flames but failed, reinforcing his belief in the goddess. He even presented a golden parasol to the shrine, which transformed into an unknown metal. Thousands of pilgrims visit the shrine throughout the year to fulfil their spiritual desires.

Chintpurni Temple

Chintpurni is a highly revered Hindu shrine located in the Una district of Himachal Pradesh, situated atop one of the highest peaks of the Sola Singhi Range. The temple is dedicated to Chintpurni Devi, the goddess who is believed to relieve devotees of their worries and stress. The goddess is worshipped in the form of a headless pindi (round stone).

According to legend, a part of Sati’s feet fell at this location during her self-sacrifice, leading to the construction of the temple. Another story tells of the goddess appearing to defeat the demons Sumbha and Nishumbha. After killing them, she beheaded herself to quench the bloodthirst of her companion.

During Navratri, the temple hosts large fairs and festivities, attracting numerous devotees from around the world seeking the blessings of Mata Shri Chhinnamastika Devi. The fair takes place near the temple of Goddess Bhagwati Chhinnamastaka, where the goddess is believed to have appeared in ancient times.

The temple is surrounded by beautiful landscapes, offering tourists picturesque views and opportunities for sightseeing and various activities. Visitors can enjoy both the spiritual atmosphere and the natural beauty of the area.

Naina Devi Temple

Shri Naina Devi Ji, a major Shakti Peeth, is located in Bilaspur District, Himachal Pradesh, India. The temple is named after the legend that Goddess Sati’s eyes (Nayan) fell at this spot. It is one of the most sacred temples in the country, attracting devotees from around the world.

Surrounded by the majestic Shivalik range of the Himalayas, the temple is watched over by the highest peak, Mt. Nanda Devi, believed to be the sister of Goddess Naina Devi. An old Peepal tree within the temple premises provides shelter to pilgrims, while a statue of Lord Hanuman blesses and guards the temple entrance.

Inside the temple, two eyes in the centre represent Naina Devi, with Mata Kali to the left and Lord Ganesha to the right. Two lion statues, symbolizing the goddess’s vehicle, guard the inner shrine.

 Bajreshwari Devi Temple: The left breast of Sati fell at this spot, making it a Shakti Peetha. The original temple was built by the Pandavas during the time of the Mahabharata. According to legend, the Pandavas dreamt of Goddess Durga, who told them she was in Nagarkot village. She warned them to build a temple for her there to ensure their safety. That very night, they constructed a magnificent temple.

The temple has been looted several times by Muslim invaders, with Md Gaznavi looting it at least five times. It once contained tons of gold and many silver bells. In 1905, a powerful earthquake destroyed the temple, but it was rebuilt by the government within a year.

The main entrance gate features a Nagarkhana, or drum house, similar to the Bassein fort entrance, and the temple is surrounded by a stone wall like a fort. Inside the main area, Goddess Bajreshvari is present in the form of a Pindi. The temple also has a small shrine dedicated to Bhairav. In front of the main temple stands an idol of Dhayanu Bhagat, who offered his head to the Goddess during Akbar’s time. The present structure has three unique tombs within it.

Chamunda Devi Temple

Chamunda Devi Temple, also known as Chamunda Nandikeshwar Dham, is a famous Hindu temple located in Padar on the banks of the Baner River in Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh. This temple is dedicated to Shri Chamunda Devi, a form of Goddess Durga. It is situated 19 km from Palampur town in Dharamshala Tehsil in Himachal Pradesh.

Chamunda Devi Temple is a sacred shrine where the ears of Sati are believed to have fallen. Dating back to the 16th century, the temple holds great historical and spiritual significance. The name Chamunda comes from two demons, Chanda and Munda, who were slain by Goddess Kali in a fierce battle. Thus, the goddess is worshipped here as Chamunda.

Himachal Pradesh’s temples are not just places of worship but also epitomes of divine energy and natural beauty. Visiting these temples provides a spiritual retreat and a chance to connect with the rich cultural heritage of India. Whether you’re a devout pilgrim or a curious traveller, these special temples of Himachal Pradesh offer an unforgettable experience.

Plan your pilgrimage to these sacred sites and immerse yourself in the divine aura of the Shakti Peeth temples. 

Quick FAQs

Which is the most powerful Shakti Peeth temple in India? There are traditionally believed to be 64 Shakti Peeth locations. Adi Shankara’s Asta Dasha Shakti Pitha Stotram highlights 18 of these as the Maha Shakti Pithas. Among them, the temples at Kamakhya, Gaya, and Ujjain are considered the most sacred, symbolizing the three essential aspects of the Mother Goddess. In Himachal Pradesh, the Jwalamukhi Temple stands out as one of the most significant and revered, drawing countless devotees seeking blessings and spiritual enlightenment.

Can Vaishno Devi be considered a Shakti Peeth Temple? Yes, the Vaishno Devi Temple, located in Katra in the Trikuta Mountains within the Indian Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, is indeed an important Hindu temple dedicated to Vaishno Devi. It is one of the 108 temples dedicated to Goddess Durga, who is worshipped in the form of Vaishno Devi. This sacred site holds immense significance for devotees seeking the blessings of the Mother Goddess.

Which are the most famous Shakti Peeth temples in Himachal Pradesh? Himachal Pradesh is home to several renowned Devi temples, including Chintpurni, Jwala Ji, Baglamukhi, Naina Devi, Kangra Devi, and Chamunda Devi. Additionally, the Baijnath Shiv Temple is also a significant and revered site, attracting countless devotees and spiritual seekers throughout the year.

Best time to visit Himachal Pradesh: The ideal time to explore Himachal Pradesh is from February to June during the pleasant spring and summer months. However, for those who enjoy the charm of snowfall, the most popular period is between October and February, when winter blankets the region in a magical layer of snow.

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This remarkable Hindu festival is a celebration of joy, devotion, and culture, drawing people from all corners of the nation and beyond into its joyful embrace. Navratri is a testament to India’s rich diversity, as each region puts its unique spin on the festivities, ensuring that every participant experiences a journey of cultural immersion like no other.

Here are nine Indian cities that are known for Navratri celebrations, albeit in their own unique way:

Ahmedabad, Gujarat:

Known as the epicentre of Navratri celebrations, Ahmedabad hosts the world’s largest Garba and Dandiya Raas dance events. The city’s enthusiasm during Navratri is infectious, with beautifully adorned venues and traditional dance forms that create an unforgettable experience.

• Dance: Garba and Dandiya Raas are the heart and soul of Navratri in Ahmedabad. People, dressed in colorful traditional attire, gather at grand venues to dance in concentric circles to rhythmic Gujarati music.
• Puja: Devotees visit temples across the city to seek blessings during Navratri. The Ambaji Temple and the Siddhi Vinayak Temple are especially popular.
• Food: Ahmedabad is renowned for its delectable street food. During Navratri, vendors serve special fasting dishes like sabudana khichdi, kuttu ke pakode, and sweet treats like chikki.
• Traditions: Women often fast during the day and break it with a communal meal called ‘sargi.’ The city is also known for its stunningly decorated venues, creating a festive atmosphere.

Kolkata, West Bengal:

In Kolkata, Navratri is celebrated as Durga Puja, one of the most grandiose festivals in India. Elaborate pandals (temporary structures), artistic idols of goddess Durga, and cultural performances mark the city’s unique way of honoring the goddess and her victory over evil.

• Dance: While Durga Puja doesn’t involve traditional dance forms like Garba, it features cultural performances, including folk dances and theatrical presentations.
• Puja: Elaborate pandals are erected to house intricately crafted idols of goddess Durga. Devotees participate in rituals, prayers, and cultural events throughout the ten-day celebration.
• Food: Bengali sweets, such as rasgulla and sandesh, are distributed as prasad (offering) during Durga Puja. Food stalls also offer a variety of Bengali dishes.
• Traditions: The city’s artistic and cultural spirit shines during this festival, with artisans and craftsmen displaying their talent in pandal decorations.

Mysore, Karnataka:

Mysore Dasara is an extravagant celebration that spans ten days, featuring a grand procession of caparisoned elephants, folk dances, and illuminated palaces. The city’s rich cultural heritage shines during this time.

• Dance: Traditional dance performances, including Bharatanatyam and Kathak, grace the city’s palaces and streets during Mysore Dasara.
• Puja: The Mysore Palace is illuminated with thousands of lights, and the royal family performs a special puja to goddess Chamundeshwari. The palace is open for public visits during this time.
• Food: Traditional Karnataka cuisine, including dosas, vadas, and Mysore pak, is enjoyed by locals and tourists alike.
• Traditions: The Mysore Dasara parade is a grand spectacle, featuring elephants, caparisoned horses, and cultural troupes. It is a symbol of Karnataka’s rich heritage.

Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh:

Varanasi, one of the holiest cities in India, celebrates Navratri with spiritual fervor. Devotees throng to the ghats along the Ganges River to perform aartis (prayer ceremonies), creating a mesmerizing spectacle.

• Dance: While Varanasi’s Navratri celebrations are more focused on religious rituals and aartis, people often participate in folk dances along the ghats.
• Puja: Devotees flock to the ghats to perform aartis to the Ganges, with priests creating a mesmerizing atmosphere with incense, lamps, and chants.
• Food: Varanasi is known for its vegetarian cuisine, with dishes like kachori, chaat, and jalebi being popular during Navratri.
• Traditions: The city’s spiritual ambiance during Navratri is profound, and devotees believe that offering prayers here during this time holds great significance.

Kullu, Himachal Pradesh:

Kullu Dussehra, celebrated as Navratri in the region, is famous for its colorful processions, traditional folk dances, and the veneration of Lord Raghunathji. The festival showcases Himachal’s unique cultural heritage.

• Dance: Traditional Himachali folk dances and music, including the Nati dance, take center stage during Kullu Dussehra.
• Puja: The festival revolves around the veneration of Lord Raghunathji, whose idol is carried in a grand procession.
• Food: Himachali cuisine featuring dishes like chana madra and dham is a must-try during the festivities.
• Traditions: The festival showcases the rich cultural heritage of Himachal Pradesh, with a focus on traditional customs and rituals.

Kota, Rajasthan:

Navratri in Kota is renowned for its traditional Garba and Dandiya Raas dances, accompanied by melodious folk music. The city’s regal palaces and historical sites provide a stunning backdrop for the festivities.

• Dance: Kota celebrates Navratri with traditional Garba and Dandiya Raas dances, with people dressed in colourful Rajasthani attire.
• Puja: Temples like the Jag Mandir are beautifully decorated, and devotees visit to seek blessings during the festival.
• Food: Rajasthani cuisine, including dal baati churma and gatte ki sabzi, is enjoyed during Navratri.
• Traditions: The city’s grand palaces and historical sites provide a regal backdrop to the festivities.

Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu:

Navratri in Kanyakumari is marked by the Kanyakumari Beach Festival. It blends spirituality with the arts, featuring classical music and dance performances against the backdrop of the breathtaking confluence of the Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, and Indian Ocean.

• Dance: Classical dance forms like Bharatanatyam and traditional folk dances are performed during the Kanyakumari Beach Festival.
• Puja: Devotees gather at temples along the coast, including the Kanyakumari Amman Temple, for special prayers and rituals.
• Food: South Indian delicacies like dosas, idlis, and coconut-based dishes are popular during Navratri.
• Traditions: The festival’s highlight is the cultural performances against the stunning backdrop of the meeting of three seas.

Guwahati, Assam:

In Assam, Navratri is celebrated as Durga Puja with immense enthusiasm. The city of Guwahati dazzles with artistic pandals, cultural processions, and traditional Bihu dance performances, showcasing Assamese culture.

• Dance: Assamese folk dances like Bihu are performed during Navratri, showcasing the state’s vibrant culture.
• Puja: Durga Puja celebrations are marked by the construction of artistic pandals, elaborate idol processions, and cultural performances.
• Food: Assamese cuisine, including fish curries, pithas, and traditional sweets, is savoured during the festival.
• Traditions: The festival blends spiritual reverence with the cultural richness of Assam.

Delhi:

The capital city celebrates Navratri with a cosmopolitan flair, attracting people from diverse backgrounds. Various venues host Garba and Dandiya nights, offering a fusion of traditional and contemporary music and dance forms.

• Dance: Delhi’s Navratri celebrations offer a blend of traditional Garba and Dandiya Raas dances, along with contemporary music and dance forms.
• Puja: Devotees visit various temples in the city, such as the Chhatarpur Temple and Kalkaji Temple, for special Navratri prayers.
• Food: Delhi’s diverse food culture is on full display during Navratri, with a variety of fasting and non-fasting dishes available.
• Traditions: The cosmopolitan city’s celebrations attract people from all backgrounds, creating a unique fusion of traditions and modernity.

These cities exemplify the diversity of India’s cultural and religious traditions, and experiencing Navratri in each of them offers a unique and enriching perspective on this vibrant festival. You could be captivated by the intricate rituals, the exuberant dance forms, the delicious cuisine, or the rich cultural heritage, but you can be sure that Navratri in India promises an unforgettable experience in every region.

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